Church of the Transfiguration of Our Lord in Izyum (Svyato-Preobrazhensʹkyy Sobor) was built in 1684–1685.

The second-oldest surviving church in Sloboda Ukraine, it was built with funds provided by colonels Konstantin Donets and Fyodor Shidlovsky.

Until 1919, the walls of the church were adorned with trophies, mostly Turkish, captured by the Izyum Regiment during its military campaigns beginning in 1686.

The church housed a Gospel and a vestment presented by Peter the Great following his visit to Izyum in May 1709. Filaret Gumilevsky writes about this in his work *Historical and Statistical Description of the Kharkiv Diocese* (1859).

Alexander I also visited here… In the early 20th century, architect M. Lovtsov rebuilt the cathedral, adding onion domes in Russian style. In 1953–1954, attempts were made to restore it to its original form by removing later additions, but unfortunately, this also distorted the original proportions.

Many scholars classify the style as Cossack Baroque, although it is more accurately a subtype of that style—the Severian architectural school. There is speculation that the church was built by the same craftsmen from the Severian region (with centre in Chernihiv) who had previously constructed St. Nicholas Church at the Svyatogorsk Lavra (1684) and the Intercession Cathedral in Kharkiv (1689).

During the Russian shelling of Izyum in 2022, the cathedral was damaged and lost some of its windows.